Biologics: Targeting Eczema's Root Cause

Biologics are a group of new eczema treatments that target specific parts of the immune system, such as overactive cytokines, to alleviate symptoms. They come in two main categories: monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) and Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDS).

Examples:

1. Dupilumab (Dupixent) - a monoclonal antibody that blocks the action of IL-4 and IL-13 cytokines

2. Crisaborole (Eucrisa) - a PDE4 inhibitor, which is a type of DMARD, that reduces inflammation

Potential Side Effects:

• Injection site reactions

• Eye irritation or conjunctivitis

• Increased risk of infections due to altered immune response

Phototherapy: Healing with Light

Phototherapy uses specific wavelengths of UV light to treat moderate-severe eczema. The treatment works by suppressing overactive immune cells in the skin, reducing inflammation and improving symptoms. UVA and UVB light are the most commonly used forms of phototherapy for eczema.

Examples:

1. Narrowband UVB therapy

2. UVA1 therapy

Potential Side Effects:

• Skin redness or irritation

• Dryness or increased itchiness

• Long-term risk of skin cancer with prolonged exposure

Summary

New eczema treatments, including topical calcineurin inhibitors, biologics, and phototherapy, offer innovative approaches to managing eczema. Understanding the mechanisms, examples, and potential side effects of these treatments can help you make informed decisions about your skincare. Remember to consult your healthcare professional before trying any new treatments and to monitor your progress closely.